I am interested in applying simulation modeling and stochastic optimization methods to solve complex health care problems. Overdiagnosis of thyroid cancer is a significant problem that compromises patients' quality of life, leading to overtreatment, exposure to unnecessary risk, and high medical costs. The objective of this research is to identify factors that predispose people to being overdiagnosed with thyroid cancer. I had an interest in this problem after observing the trends in thyroid cancer over the last several decades. The incidence of thyroid cancer has increased dramatically, whereas mortality rates remained more or less the same, implying that we could be overdiagnosing many thyroid nodules.